南湖新闻网讯(通讯员 肖玮)近日,我校果蔬园艺作物种质创新与利用全国重点实验室、湖北洪山实验室刘继红教授课题组在The Plant Cell杂志上发表题为“The transcription factor TGA2 orchestrates salicylic acid signal to regulate cold-induced proline accumulation in Citrus”的研究论文,揭示了水杨酸通过TGA2-P5CS1/ICS1模块调控脯氨酸积累参与柑橘耐寒性的机制。
柑橘是世界第一大类水果,也是我国南方最重要的果树作物。柑橘喜温畏寒,低温胁迫严重制约了柑橘产业的绿色健康发展。枳(Citrus trifoliata L.)是重要的柑橘耐寒资源,为挖掘抗寒基因提供了珍贵材料。过去很多研究表明,植物在低温胁迫下会积累脯氨酸减轻伤害,但低温下脯氨酸积累的分子调控机制尚不明晰。
吡咯啉-5-羧酸合成酶(P5CS1,Delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase 1)介导的脯氨酸生物合成在植物逆境响应中具有重要的保护作用。水杨酸受体NPR(NONEXPRESSOR OF PATHOGENESIS-RELATED GENES)和TGA(TGACG sequence-specific binding proteins)转录因子是水杨酸(salicylic acid,SA)信号通路的核心组分。课题组前期研究发现,参与脯氨酸合成的基因CtrP5CS1受到低温强烈的诱导表达。然而在低温胁迫下脯氨酸的合成调控机制及上游信号通路仍知之甚少。
CtrTGA2-CtrP5CS1/CtrICS1模块在低温胁迫中的作用模式图
课题组以响应低温CtrP5CS1启动子片段的为诱饵开展酵母单杂交文库筛选实验,挖掘到一个bZIP家族转录因子CtrTGA2。通过Y1H、EMSA、ChIP-qPCR和LUC等实验证明了CtrTGA2能特异性结合CtrP5CS1启动子上的TGACG序列并激活该基因表达。随后,通过转基因实验表明CtrTGA2通过调控CtrP5CS1表达和脯氨酸合成积累从而增强枳抗寒性。此外,CtrTGA2直接调控参与SA生物合成基因CtrICS1的表达,形成正反馈回路,增强CtrTGA2介导的CtrP5CS1的转录激活。研究人员进一步发现CtrTGA2受SA强烈诱导,发现CtrNPR3可以与CtrTGA2互作并减弱CtrTGA2对靶基因的激活,CtrNPR3负调控枳抗寒性,而外施SA可部分解除该抑制作用。
综上,该研究表明TGA2-P5CS1/ICS1模块通过整合SA信号调控脯氨酸合成参与柑橘低温应答,解析了低温胁迫下脯氨酸积累的分子机制,丰富了植物低温逆境下代谢物调控网络,为柑橘抗寒育种和研发缓解柑橘低温伤害的技术提供了理论和实践基础。
华中农业大学园艺林学学院刘继红教授为该论文通讯作者,博士毕业生肖玮为该论文第一作者,李春龙教授为本研究提供了指导和帮助。刘继红教授课题组长期致力于柑橘逆境应答与调控研究,重点关注脯氨酸、多胺和甜菜碱等代谢物在柑橘应答非生物胁迫的作用及调控机制。2024年,课题组有关研究成果已发表于Journal of Integrative Plant Biology(在读博士生李梦迪)、Plant Physiology(已毕业博士生肖鹏)、Plant Journal(博士后Mahida Khan,已毕业博士生张杨)、Horticulture Research(已毕业博士生明如宏)等国际知名期刊,并在Plant Biotechnology Journal和Journal of Integrative Plant Biology发表了多胺方面的综述文章。相关研究依托华中农业大学果蔬园艺作物种质创新与利用全国重点实验室平台,得到了国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1200503)和国家自然科学基金(32272644, 32330095)等项目的资助。
【英文摘要】
Plants subjected to cold stress have been observed to accumulate proline, but the underlying regulatory mechanism remains to be elucidated. In this study, we identified a Pyrroline-5-Carboxylate Synthetase (P5CS)-encoding gene (CtrP5CS1) from trifoliate orange (Citrus trifoliata L.), a cold-hardy citrus species, as a critical gene for cold-induced proline accumulation. CtrTGA2 bound directly to the TGACG motif of the CtrP5CS1 promoter and activated its expression. Moreover, CtrTGA2 functioned positively in cold tolerance via modulation of proline synthesis by regulating CtrP5CS1 expression. Up-regulation of CtrP5CS1 and CtrTGA2 under cold stress was dependent on salicylic acid (SA) biosynthesis. CtrTGA2 directly regulated the expression of CtrICS1, a gene encoding isochorismate synthase (ICS) involved in SA biosynthesis, forming a positive feedback loop to intensify the CtrTGA2-mediated transcriptional activation of CtrP5CS1. The cold-induced SA receptor NONEXPRESSOR OF PATHOGENESIS-RELATED GENES3 (CtrNPR3) interacted with CtrTGA2 to inhibit its transcriptional activation activity; however, the inhibition was released by SA. Our results uncover the CtrTGA2-CtrP5CS1/CtrICS1 regulatory module that orchestrates the SA signal to regulate proline synthesis, giving important insights into the transcriptional mechanism underlying proline accumulation in plants under cold stress.
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审核人 刘继红